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T. Ramprakash ¹, M. Madhavi ¹, M. Yakadri ¹, A. Srinivas ¹

Affiliations
1 AICRP on Weed Control, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

A field experiment on direct-seeded rice was conducted during kharif 2011 and 2012 at the College Farm, ANGRAU Hyderabad, to study the influence of different doses of bispyribac sodium 10% SC (10, 15, 20, 25 and 40 g a.i/ha) on physical, physico-chemical and fertility properties of the soil. Persistence of the herbicide in soil from application to harvest of the crop and the residues in plant samples at harvest were also studied. No significant changes in physical (texture, bulk density, particle density, pore space, maximum water holding capacity), physico-chemical (pH, EC, CEC, organic carbon) and fertility properties of the soil (available N, P₂O₅ and K₂O) were noticed at any of the applied doses. Bispyribac sodium dissipation in soil followed a first-order decay process. Half-life (DT₅₀) of bispyribac sodium was 13.10 days, 10.21 days and 9.93 days at 40 g/ha, 25 g/ha and 20 g/ha doses respectively. DT₉₀ values were also calculated. No detectable residues of bispyribac sodium were found in the straw or grain at the time of harvest.

Keywords

Bispyribac Sodium, Herbicide, Direct Seeded Rice, Half-Life, Soil Properties.

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M. Madhavi ¹, C. Pramod Chandra Kumar ², D. Rajaram Reddy ², T. V. K. Singh ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Administrative Office, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Two stable mutants, one each of Trichoderma viride (TvM₁) and Trichoderma harzianum (ThM₁), obtained through gamma radiation were tested for their compatibility with different pesticides in order to fit them in integrated disease management for the control of fusarial wilt of chilli. Both the fungal mutants showed high compatibility carbendazim (0.1%), fipronil (0.2%), imidacloprid (0.025%) and fluchloralin (0.33%). TvM₄ showed compatibility with captan (0.25%), copper oxy chloride (0.15%), phosalone (0.1%) and butachlor (0.2%) and ThM₁, was compatible with mancozeb (0.125%) and phosalone (0.1%). Mancozeb (0.25%), copper oxy chloride (0.3%), dicofol (0.5%), pendimethalin (0.66%) and alachlor (0.4%) were found to be highly inhibitory to the radial growth of the mutants TvM₁ and ThM₁.

Keywords

Agrochemicals, Compalibilily, Trichoderma harzianum Mutant 1 (ThM₁), T. viride Mutant i (TvM₁).

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M. Madhavi ¹, B. Vijay Kumar ², V. S. Giridhar Akula ³

Affiliations
1 Avanthi’s Scientific Technological and Research Academy, Hyderabad, IN
2 Vagdevi College of Engineering, Warangal, IN
3 Avanthis Scientific Technological and Research Academy, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an efficient usage of an available conventional encryption algorithm IDEA for encrypting plain text of fixed length into plaintext of same length usually called as Cipher by using a plain text of fixed length called Main key. IDEA algorithm which is a symmetric block cipher accepts 64 bit digital data as input and encrypts the same into a cipher of same 64 bit digital data. Aside from the basic characteristics of IDEA, i.e. the input of 64 bit digital data and 128 bit key, our proposed work accepts a plain text of 80 characters as input and encrypts the same into another text of 80 characters using 16 text characters as main key. Furthermore, we demonstrated the results of implementation of IDEA structure on to a Field Programmable Gated Array with various performance parameters.

Keywords

Idea, Textual Encryption, Data Security, FPGA, VHDL, Architecture.

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T. Ramprakash ¹, M. Madhavi ², M. Yakadri ¹

Affiliations
1 AICRP on Weed Control, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30, IN
2 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

Propaquizafop is a new graminicide herbicide recommended for control of grassy weeds in all dryland and ID crops. A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2012 at the College Farm, ANGRAU, Hyderabad, on a Alfisol, to study the dissipation and persistence of varying doses of propaquizafop (25, 50, 62.5, 100 and 125g a.i/ha) in soil and turmeric. The influence of the herbicide on soil physical, physico-chemical and fertility properties was also assessed. Residues of the propaquizafop in soil and soybean were estimated on GC-ECD. Recovery of the herbicide in soil was 91.8-92.6%. In the rhizome and plant, the recovery was 88.6-92.1% and 93.6-93.8%, respectively. Limit of quantification was 0.01 mg/kg. No significant changes in physical (texture, bulk density, particle density, pore space, maximum water holding capacity), physico-chemical (pH, EC, CEC, organic carbon) and available nutrient status of the soil (available N, P₂O₅ and K₂O) were noticed in any of the applied doses of the herbicide. Application of propaquizafop @62.5 g/ha resulted in highest bio-efficiency. Propaquizafop dissipation in soil followed a first-order decay process. Half-life of the herbicide in soil increased with increasing dose. At sub-optimal doses, 50.0 g/ha, residues of propaquizafop persisted in the soil upto 15 DAA, (days after application) with a half life (DT₅₀) of 15.12 days. At the recommended dose (62.5 g/ha) half-life of propaquizafop was 17.67 days and residues reached below detectable limit (BDL) beyond 30 DAA. At doses above recommended level (100.0 and 125 g/ha), herbicide residues in the soil persisted for a longer period (45 and 60 DAA respectively) with DT₅₀ of 21.29 and 29.36 DAA, respectively. No detectable residues of propaquizafop were detected in the turmeric rhizomes or plant at the time of harvest.

Keywords

Propaquizafop, Turmeric, Herbicide Persistence, Half-Life, Soil Properties.

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M. Ravi Kumar ¹, P. Srinivas ¹, M. Madhavi ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept of Mechanical Engg., M. V. S. R. Engineering College, Nadergul, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

Advanced composites with their inherent advantages such as strength to weight ratio, became an ideal choice mostly in the fields like aerospace, missiles, submarines and ground structures like heavy military bridges etc. Composite materials also proved to be good insulators and have wide application in boiler tubes, heat exchanger shells and electrical applications. In any power plant apart from the turbine, boiler and pump, the heat exchanger is a vital component. The present investigation proposes EGlass/Vinyl Ester filament wound FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) heat exchanger shell due to its good thermal insulation and noncorrosive properties. Experimental investigation was carried out to determine thermal conductivity on FRP shell. Based on these investigations, a single tube & shell type heat exchanger with copper as tube and FRP as shell is designed and developed in order to carryout performance analysis of a composite shell for both parallel and counter flows for a range of temperatures from 40 °C to 150 °C. The heat exchanger effectiveness for FRP shell is found to be 28% more than mild steel shell in the heat exchanger. The present study recommends that the existing metal boiler shells can be replaced with FRP material due low maintenance cost and less radiation effect.

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M. Madhavi ¹, K. Rama Swamy ², K. V. J. Rao ³, K. Narayana Rao ⁴

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mechanical Engg., M V S R Engg. College, Hyderabad, IN
2 Defense Research & Development Organization, Hyderabad, IN
3 St. Peter’s College of Engineering, Hyderabad, IN
4 AICTE, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Composite pressure vessels developed by filament winding technology falls into two categories i.e., pressure vessels with equal pole openings & unequal pole openings. Usually composite pressure vessels with equal pole openings can be developed with geodesic paths. Geodesic lines connect two points along the shortest distance over the surface. In this case no friction force is required to keep the fiber from slipping, since it follows a self-stable trajectory. There are, however situations where it is not possible to place fibers, at least in some region of the mandrel, on the geodesic curve. It implies that we have to resort to modified helical winding (non-geodesic) at cylindrical portion or dish ends or both. A composite pressure vessel like CRMC (composite rocket motor casing) with unequal pole opening is an example of this. In the present study, a composite pressure vessel with unequal pole openings considering deviation from the geodesic path only on the cylindrical portion is designed, developed and tested for burst pressure. The shell is subjected to uniform internal pressure and the conditions of thin walled structure and balanced symmetry winding pattern with carbon T300/Epoxy are considered.

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J. D. Saritha ¹, T. Ramprakash ¹, P. C. Rao ¹, M. Madhavi ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agril. Chemistry, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, IN
2 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

Dissipation of metribuzin and its persistence in tomato fruits was studied by conducting on-farm research trials in three farmer’s fields in Ranga Reddy district of Telangana state. Farmer’s fields with widely varying soil characteristics were selected and metribuzin was applied at 500 g a.i. ha^-1. Soil samples were collected at 0, 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAA (days after application) and fruit samples were collected at harvest and analysed on GC-ECD for metribuzin residues. Metribuzin persisted in the soils up to 45 DAA in coarse textured soils and 60 DAA in medium and fine textured soils. Metribuzin leached to 20-30 cm depth in all the soils and leaching was more pronounced in coarse textured soils than in fine textured soils. Organic carbon and clay content significantly influenced the residual life and leaching of metribuzin in soil. In soils, metribuzin dissipation followed a first-order decay process and exponential model was found to give better fit for field dissipation. Half life of metribuzin soil varied from 9.11 to 21.15 days. Metribuzin residues in tomato samples collected at the time of harvest were below the detection limit and MRL of 0.05 mg kg^-1 in all the farmer’s fields.

Keywords

Metribuzin Persistence, Soils, Tomato Fruits.

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K. V. V. S. Krishna ¹, O. Manikanta ¹, M. Madhavi ¹, N. Akhila Spurthi ¹, P. Maranatha Babu ¹, M. M. Aashiq ¹, N. Keziah ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Aditya College of Pharmacy, Surampalem, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh - 533 437., IN

Abstract

Panchachurnam is one of the classical Ayurvedic preparations; it is prepared by mixing equal proportions of powdered Cassia angustifolia Vahl. leaf, Terminalia chebula Retz. fruit, Zingiber officinale Rosc. rhizome, Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruit and Saindhava lavana. The present study was done with the aim to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of Panchachurnam using adult earthworms (Pheritima posthuma) against piperazine citrate (15mg/ml) and albendazole (20mg/ml) as standard drugs and normal saline as control. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Panchachurnam were tested and results were expressed in terms of time for paralysis and time for death of worms. Based on the results, the ethanolic extract was found to possess higher activity than aqueous extract of Panchachurnam.

Keywords

Panchachurnam, Ayurvedic Preparation, Pheretima postuma, Piperazine Citrate, Albendazole, Anthelmintic Activity.

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S. GURUSWAMY ¹, M. MADHAVI ¹, LINGAKARI MAHESH ¹, ZAKKUM GRACE BEENA ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Osmania University, Hyderabad – 500007, Telangana, India ., IN

Abstract

The present study mainly focused on the diversity of spider fauna in the agro-ecosystem of Mahabubnagar district during the Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2020-21. The sampling was collected at monthly intervals by different methods (in situ counts, net sweeping, pitfall traps and litter sampling). A total of 30 spider species were identified of which, Araneidae family is represented by 8 species belonging to four genera followed by the Salticidae family (5 species), Oxyopidae (4 species), Lycosidae and Pholcidae (3 species), Thomisidae (2 species) Gnaphosidae, Hersillidae, Sparassidae and Tetragnathidae represented by one species, respectively. The diversity indices viz., Shannon-Weiner Index (2.785- Kharif season and 2.752-Rabi season), Simpson Index (0.912-Kharif season and 0.899 Rabi season), Margalef Index (4.122- Kharif season and 4.25- Rabi season) and Pielou’s Index (0.104 Kharif season and 0.09 Rabi season) were calculated.

Keywords

Agro-ecosystems, diversity indices, spider diversity

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